Vessagiriya, also known as Vessakara, is an ancient Buddhist monastery located in the foothills of the Ritigala mountain range, in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. It is one of the lesser-known but significant archaeological sites in the country.
Introduction: Vessagiriya was a monastic complex built during the Anuradhapura period, which was one of the most important phases in the development of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. The site is believed to have been inhabited by Buddhist monks from the 3rd century BCE to the 1st century CE. The monastery was built on a hill, surrounded by lush greenery, which provided the perfect setting for meditation and contemplation.
History and Culture: The monastery was established during the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa, who was responsible for spreading Buddhism throughout the country. It is believed that he gifted the land for the monastery to a group of monks who had come to the island from India.
The monastic complex at Vessagiriya consists of several rock-cut caves, meditation platforms, and stupas. The architecture of the site reflects the influence of both Indian and Sri Lankan styles.
Flora and Fauna: Vessagiriya is located in a forested area, and the surrounding vegetation consists of dry evergreen forest and thicket. The area is home to several species of birds, including the endemic Sri Lanka Junglefowl, as well as various species of mammals such as sambar deer, wild boar, and macaques.
Main Tourist Attractions: The main attraction at Vessagiriya is the rock-cut caves, which were used by the monks for meditation and living quarters. There are several caves at the site, each with its own unique features. The caves are adorned with ancient inscriptions and carvings, which provide insights into the lives of the monks who once lived there.
Another major attraction at Vessagiriya is the large stupa, which is believed to date back to the 1st century CE. The stupa was built using bricks and has a diameter of around 40 feet.
Activities: Visitors to Vessagiriya can explore the rock-cut caves and stupas, and learn about the history and culture of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. The site is also a popular spot for nature lovers and bird watchers, who can enjoy the tranquil surroundings and observe the local flora and fauna.
Weather: The weather at Vessagiriya is generally hot and dry, with temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C. The best time to visit is during the cooler months of December to February.
Accommodation: There are several accommodation options available in the nearby town of Habarana, which is located around 10 kilometers from Vessagiriya. These include hotels, guesthouses, and homestays.
How to Reach:
Vessagiriya is located around 25 kilometers from Anuradhapura, which is the nearest major city. Visitors can take a taxi or hire a car from Anuradhapura to reach the site. The journey takes around 45 minutes. Alternatively, visitors can take a bus to Habarana and then hire a tuk-tuk to reach Vessagiriya.
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